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Present Perfect - (Experience)

Syntax


S + have / has + past participle + C

He/she/it - has
I/we/you/they - have ---- (HAVE , HAS >>>> AUXILIARIES)

I have been to many countries.
Carla has worked for five different companies.
They have studied English and French

Some past participle forms (irregular verbs)

be-- --was/were---- been
see ----- saw ------ seen
buy-----bought----bought
go------went --------gone
eat-------ate--------eaten
write---wrote ------written
leave----left---------left
put ------put--------put

Note:
The past participle form of the regular verbs is the same that in the past

Walk - walked - walked
talk- talked- talked
study - studied - studied

REVIEW: If you do not know what are regular and irregular verbs then click here to review the past simple tense (regular ans irregular verbs)

Negative form

S + haven't/ hasn't + past participle + C

I haven't been to Mexico
Jorge hasn't eaten Peruvian ceviche.
They haven't traveled by plane.

Question Form:

QW + have / has + past participle +S + C

Have you ever been to Cusco?
Where have they studied English?
Has Anna ever danced regeaton?

USE:

We use present perfect to express and talk about experiences. By this we mean that we do care or want to say when something happened.

I have studied English >>> We do not say when, we just want to express that we have studied English some time in our life.

Ever: We use ever in questions to emphasis on experiences.
Have you ever been to Brazil? = Have you been to Brazil? (We put ever just to emphasis. It is not necessary but very common).

We use PAST SIMPLE if we say when we did something.

I went to Brazil in 1989.

ERROR : I have been to Brazil in 1989 >>> We CANNOT use Present Perfect when we focus on a definite point in the past.

Remember: If we focus on a definite point in the past we USE PAST SIMPLE. If we want to express experience we use PRESENT PERFECT.

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