Past Simple (not "to be")

The verb form in past is only one form for all Persons (played)

I
He
She
It -------- played (past form of play) , ate (to eat) , went (to go)
We
You
They

The form of the verb to play in the past is played => -ed is added
When -ed is added these are called Regular Verbs

Click here to see a list of common Regular Verbs
Remember => Only add "ed" to form the past form to the regular verbs.

-Irregular Verbs are those verbs that fall outside the standard patterns of conjugation in the languages in which they occur.

Examples:
to eat ---- ate
to sleep --- slept
to go ---- went

The past form is not a common pattern. We DO NOT add "ed". We need to learn these verbs with time and patience.
Click here to see a common list of irregular verbs

Examples (regular & irregular)

Lucy went to Lucho's house
Sally talked to Juan on the phone for hours.
Marisu visited Miami last year.
I ate too much pizza last night

Negative Form

In negative form with verbs that are not to be we use the auxiliary didn't.

I,you,he,she,it, we,they - didn't(did+not) + play (simple form)

Examples:

Gabriela didn't go to the dentist.

Juan and Paolo didn't study because they went to the party.

They didn't travel to Spain for Christmas.

* Recuerden que cuando utilizen "didn't" el verbo no esta en la forma de pasado "played"

He didn't went (INCORRECTO) El auxiliar esta para ayudar al verbo recuerdenlo.

He didn't go (CORRECTO)

Question Form

You use the auxiliary "did" in question form when the verb is not to be

QW +Did + {I,you ... they} + C

Examples:

Where did he sleep yesterday?

What did you do all night?

When did they travel?

What time did the program start?

Past Simple (Verb to be)

Past Simple (to be )

TO BE
The to be in the past is was and was.

I / He/ She/ It - was ---------------- We/ You / They - were

Edgar was at the party with Lucy.
Gerrard and Kim were tired after they played soccer.
I was sick and I went to the hospital.

In negative form just add "not" (just like in present with to be ).
I/he/she/it - wasn't (was + not)
We/you/they - weren't (were + not)

I wasn't at the mall in the morning.
My parents weren't hungry when they went to the restaurant.
Charlie wasn't happy because his soccer team lost.

Question form
Was - he/she/it/I ???
Were -we/you/they???

Where were you yesterday?
What was the problem?
Why were they sad?
What time was the party?
Were your parents sick?

Present Continuous

Present Continuous Syntax

S + [to be + - ing form ] + C

The to be verb has to be in present form ( am / is / are) and according to the Subject (S) [he she it => is] . The -ing forl is added to the verb you want to use (playing , studying ...etc)

My father is working in his office.

Maria is cooking for all the family.

Claudio and Juan are playing soccer.

________________________

In negatives we DO NOT use the auxiliaries don't and doesn't. We just add not to the to be verb

My friends aren't dancing because they don't like salsa.

I am not swimming in that dirty pool.

My sister isn't riding her bicycle.

________________________

In questions we DO NOT use Do and Does.

Are you talking to Alfred?

What is Jack doing?

Where are you going?

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Correct Use of the Present Continuous

It is used to describe an action that is happening at the moment.

Carla is writing a letter (RIGHT NOW)

Carla writes a letter ( USUALLY - ROUTINE)

* En el castellano uno puede usar presente simple para decir que algo pasa en el momento pero en Ingles no. Recuerden que presente simple is para rutinas y habitos.

What are you doing? (Present Continous)

I am eating.

What do you do? (Present Simple)

I am a teacher.

Present Simple (USE) - Uso correcto del presente simple

Ok, ya vimos la parte gramatica del presente simple pero eso es solo la sintaxis. Esto no nos sirve para usarlo en conversaciones. Veamos cuando y en que circunstancias se usa el presente simple.

Use of Present Simple (PS)

We use PS when we want to express our:
- Habits
- Routines
- Facts

WE DO NOT USE PRESENT TO EXPRESS AN ACTION THAT IS IN PROGRESS NOW

*Es un error muy comun usar PS para decir que se esta haciendo ahora. Esto es porque en Castellano si se puede.

When do we use Present Simple?

To describe repeated actions or habits :
I get up at seven every morning

To talk about things that are always or generally true :
The sun sets in the west

To describe a permanent situation or a condition with no definite start or finish but which is true now :
We live in London

With adverbs of frequency such as always, usually, …
She often studies in the library

With time expressions such as every day/ week/ year, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening and at night:
I go to the gym once a week

To express future meaning with actions and events that are part of a fixed timetable:
The train leaves at 8’30

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Tipicos Errores en Presente simple:

Algunos se enamoran de el verbo To Be y no lo sueltan. RECUERDEN QUE EL VERBO TO BE ES UN VERBO EN INGLES.

Es decir, si quieres decir => Yo vivo en Madrid no se dice I'm live in Madrid. Se dice I live in Madrid.

Recuerden S + V + C

Solo un verbo por vez

Maria is plays with his brother (X)

Maria es juega??????

Maria es o juega .... Depende del contexto

NO SE ENAMOREN DEL TO BE!!!!!

Video Review

Present Simple (Action verbs negative and questions)

A verb can have two forms in positive (play/plays). In negative and question the form is only the simple form (play) because of the AUXILIARIES.

Auxiliaries (Do / Does --- don't / doesn't)
Do and does for questions and don't and doesn't for negatives.

Nota:
Recuerden que auxiliares ayudaran al verbo; es decir, el verbo no se conjugara cuando esten los auxiliares.

Negative form:

He / She / It --- doesn't (does + not) + verb in simple form {play}
I / We / You / They ---- don't (do + not) + verb in simple form {run}

* Como vemos, el verbo no se conjuga pero el "auxiliary" si

(+) I live in Surco -------------------- (-) I don't live in Lima
(+) Gianina works in Paris ----------- (-) She doesn't work in Italy
(+)My Parents study French -------- (-) They don't study Spanish

* Si tenemos, " Mi hermana no quiere pizza" Entonces como se dice querer en ingles? => to want
entonces => My sister doesn't want pizza.

Question form:

In question forms (in present tense) we use the auxiliaries DO and DOES

Does (he/she/it) simple form {work} all day?
Do (you/they/I) simple form {play} the guitar?

(+) I live in Surco -------------------- (-) Do you live in Surco?
(+) Gianina cooks well --------------- (-) Does Gianina cook well?
(+) My brothers play chess---------- (-) Do they play chess?

Also we can put a Question Word before the auxiliary. This gives us the following order:

QW + [ A + S+ V] + C

Where do you work?

When does Carlos come from work?

How many students does Miguel have?

When do you have a shower?

_______________________________________________

When do we use Present Simple?

To describe repeated actions or habits : I get up at seven every morning

To talk about things that are always or generally true : The sun sets in the west

To describe a permanent situation or a condition with no definite start or finish but which is true now : We live in London

With adverbs of frequency such as always, usually, … She often studies in the library

With time expressions such as every day/ week/ year, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening and at night: I go to the gym once a week

To express future meaning with actions and events that are part of a fixed timetable: The train leaves at 8’30

Present Simple (Action Verbs)

Bueno ya vimos presente simple con el verbo to be. Ahora veamoslo con los action verbs

Action verbs are all the verbs that are not to be verbs, (verbos que no son ser o estar) for instance: play, run, go, study, work ... etc

Positve sentences:

Each verb has 2 conjugations in the simple present: one without to and one adding "s".
Examples:
to play -------- play / plays
to study ------ study / studies
to wrtie------- write / writes
to go ---------go / goes

Now which pronouns go with the "s" form?
Remember the to be form? Which goes with is? YES! he she it.

So => he, she, it go with the "s" form and I, you, we, they with the simple form.

Examples:
Miguel watches tv everyday => He watches
My parents live in Lima => They live
I like dancing

She / he / it = "s" form (wants, play, goes, sleeps, eats ... etc)

I/we/you/they= simple form (want, play, go, sleep, eat ... etc)

You can make any positive sentence now. Suppose you want to say : " Mi mama quiere pizza"
Go to the dictionary what is "querer" en ingles => to want
Entonces:
My mother wants pizza => why wants? because my mother = she.

Notas del profesor:

Como ven las conjugaciones de los verbos son solo 2 : Una con "s" y la otra sin "s". Esto debería ser mas fácil pues en español tenemos :

Verbo Jugar

Yo - Juego
Tu - juegas

Nosotros/nosotras - jugamos >>>>En ingles : PLAY (play/plays) He She it > Plays We, you they > play

El ella usted - juega
ellos ellas ustedes - juegan
vosotros/vosotras- jugáis

Recuerden de ponerle la "s" cuando corresponda a la tercera persona singular.

My mother cooks everyday | My father works at night | My sister always studies

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Negative Structure:

He / she / it + doesn't + infinitive (work)

In negative we need AUXILIARIES (don't and doesn't)

I / we / you / they + don't + infinitive (play)

Examples:

+ Maria plays tennis every morning
- Maria doesn't play tennis

+ Juan works for a very important company.
- Juan doesn't work.

+ My parents live in France
- My parents (they) don't live in France.

+ I like to study English.
- I don't like to study English

NOTE:

REMEMBER: We do NOT use don't and doesn't with THE TO BE VERB

+ Patty is my sister
- She ISN'T my sister.

Notas del profesor:

Como ven las conjugaciones de los verbos en negativo son solo 2 :

doesn't + el verbo infinitivo | don't + el verbo infinitivo.

EL don't y el doesn't son auxiliares. Es decir, ayudan a los verbos (QUE NO SEAN TO BE).

Por ejemplo.

+ My father works for IBM.
- My father doesn't work for IBM

>>> Vemos que cuando se usa el doesn't ya no se le pone la "s" a el verbo (work). Esto es porque esta el auxiliar y le ayuda. En otras palabras, cuando pongan el negativo a verbos en presente simple que no sean to be, el que se conjuga son los verbos auxiliares (don't and doesn't) y no el verbo en si.

_________________________________________

Question structure

DO + I / you / they / we

<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>Infinitive (play, work, study)

DOES + he / she / it

Ejemplos:

(+) Maria cooks in the afternoons
(-) Maria doesn't cook in the afternoons
(?) When does Maria cook?

os:

(+) Juan has lunch at 12:30.
(-) Juan doesn't have lunch at 12:30.
(?) Does Juan have lunch at 12:30?


(+) You play soccer very well.
(-) You don't play soccer very well.
(?) Do you play play soccer very well?

(+) My friends like dancing.
(-) They don't like dancing
(?) Do they like dancing?


CONCLUSIONES

¿Cuando uso do and does?

- Se usa do en does en preguntas y en negativos (don't / doesn't) en el present simple siempre y cuando no sean verbos to be.

¿Cuando pongo la "s" en los verbos?

- Se le agrega la "s" cuando formen verbos en positivo en el present simple con verbos que no sean to be y que el sujeto sea la 3ra persona singular (HE, SHE, IT)

¿Que no sea to be? ¿A que te refieres?

- El verbo to be es ser o estar. Cuando utilizes estos 2 verbos en el present simple no se utiliza los auxiliares do y does. El verbo to be es mas simple pues solo se le agrega el NOT para negativo y para preguntas se invierte el verbo con el sujeto:

She is pretty ----- She is NOT pretty -------- Is she pretty?

Los verbos que no son to be pues son todos aquellos que no son ser y estar (work, smoke, play, sleep.... ETC ETC)

Ver clase del present simple con el verbo to be

¿Cuando utilizo el present simple?

- Para describir rutinas, hábito, hechos (water boils at 100 degress celcious - el agua hierve a 100), y cosas permanentes. El present simple no se utiliza para describir cosas que pasan en el momento.

Ver clase del USO de Simple Present

Simple Present Tense - verb to be (Presente simple)

Simple present tense (to be)

Nota: El verbo to be es solo un verbo en el ingles (ser o estar). Este post tocara solo el verbo to be.

to be = infinitive (verbo en bruto/ ser o estar)
Conjugaciones = am / is / are

I - am = I'm
he/she/it - is = he's, she's, it's
we/you/they - are = we're, you're they'e

This is the list and form of to be with the pronouns.

Max is a great student (is because Max is pronoun he) => He's a great student.
My father and brother are in Las Vegas (are because father and brother is pronoun they)

Question Form

To form questions we change the Subject and verb position.

Is he your father?
Is she your sister?
Is it your dog?
Are you students?


We can put question words (QW) before this order.
QW = who, where, what, when, how long ... etc.

Where is your girlfriend? What time is it? When is your birthday?
When are your brothers here?

Negative form

To form the negative (-) form just add not to the to be conjugation (am, is, are)

I'm not ------he, she, it + isn't (is+not) ------------we, you they + aren't (are+not)

or

I am not ------he's, she's, it's + not ----------we're, you're, they're + not

Examples:

Lima isn't in the Andes -- You aren't a nice person --- Shakira isn't Peruvian

Clase del Present Simple con verbos que no sean TO BE AQUI

Personal Pronouns (subjective) & nouns

Pronouns are essential to speaking English but some students do not learn them correctly. To understand what is a pronoun we should understand what is a noun.

A noun names a person, place, thing, animal, or idea. (el sustantivo nombra...)
Examples:
Alex had a party in his house yesterday.
The three nouns are highlighted with orange.
A pronoun renames a noun. (el pronombre renombra al sustantivo)

Pronouns used as subjects
I, you, he, she, it, we, they

Carlos went to the park => He went to the park

In spanish we do not need to put the pronoun but in English we do:

Es bonita => She is pretty (NOT - Is pretty)

Tienen tres carros => They have three cars (NOT - Have three cars)

In a declarative sentence (not a question) we should follow the following order:

SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT ( S+V+C)

She plays soccer in the afternoons

I don't like hamburgers

They go to the movies every weekend

All examples include a subect verb and complement. The complement is optional

Notas:

Los personal o subjective pronouns renombran al sujeto, es decir al que hace o realiza la acción. El problema aveces aparece porque muchos traducen palabra por palabra y encuentro demasiados errores del uso de los pronombres personales.

El principal problema es que en español uno puede prescindir del sujeto (se llama sujeto tácito). Ejemplo:

Es muy bonita -- Is very pretty (ERROR) => en ingles es necesario poner el sujeto

She is very pretty (CORRECT)

Trabaja en Peru => She works in Peru

Cocino mi mama el domingo => My mom cooked on Sunday ( El sujeto primero, en español aveces va después del verbo)

Donde estudias (Sujeto tácito "usted") => Where do you study?
Preguntas => blogdeingles@hotmail.com

Foundation of English

To start we need to discuss on the methodology we will use to understand English.
There are 2 points we will learn when discussing a topic.

• Structure : It refers to grammar and syntax.
• Use: It refers to meaning and to the correct use of the structure in a correct setting.

Structure will help us have order and use will allow us to communicate correctly. For instance, if we have the following sentence:

Maria have two children - there is a structure type mistake. Have should be has and the use would be that we utilize to have for possesions or obligations.

This Blog is made with the purpose of learning English and should not be copied.

Nota: Quiero resaltar que uno para hablar ingles necesita un balance entre sintaxis, uso, listening, vocabulary & pronunciation. Cada uno cumple su función cuando uno se comunica. Algunos alumnos tienen excelente gramática y tienen buenos resultados en los quizes es pero no hablan. No saben en que momento se utiliza o son muy tímidos porque tienen mala pronunciation. Otros no sacan buenas notas y siempre tienen errores en gramática pero hablan y se desenvuelven bien.

Sugiero que se analicen y vean cuales son sus debilidades y de acuerdo a eso ver que partes se requiere mas esfuerzo. Lo mas fácil sera entender ingles. Lo difícil sera que lo hablen naturalmente y en forma espontánea. Recuerden que "fluency" no se aprende ni se estudia sino se practica adquiere con tiempo y practica. Todo depende de ustedes y acá tratare de poner todo lo que necesitan para triunfar en ingles.

Sugerencias para mejorar su ingles:

Compren un practice book: no importa si es antigua o no siempre y cuando este en tu nivel.

Vean noticias y películas: tomen su tiempo para que se acostumbren a el ingles hablado y por allí a aprender vocabulario.

Lean: Compren libros de ingles o visiten este link para bajar algunos

Pregunten: manden emails y pregunten por cualquier duda.

Thanks and have fun!!