Como dar una presentación en Ingles

English for presentations and Public Speaking

¿Tienes que dar una presentación en ingles y no sabes como? No sabes como empezar o terminar una presentación? ¿Necesitas de una guia? Entonces esta separata te ayudara y te guiara a ser exitoso en tu presentación y para hablar en publico.

La separata incluye temas como:

Preparation (la preparación de una presentación en ingles)
Structure (la estructura)
Equipment (el quipo que te puede ayudar a darle a tu presentación mas profesionalismo)
Delivery (toca temas como los nervios, lenguaje corporal, etc)

Language
Muy útil y da vocabulario y frases necesarias para llevar acabo una presentación en ingles

- Introducing the subject (pg 10, Introducción del tema)
- Finishing the subject (Terminar el tema)
- Starting another subject (comenzar otro tema)
- Analysing a point and recomendations (pg. 11, Análisis y recomendaciones)
- Giving Examples (como dar ejemplos)
- Summarizing and Concluding (Dar conclusiones)

Partes de la Presentación
Resumen

Si tienen preguntas no olviden de dejar comentarios y a los que reciben las clases por email decirles que visiten la pagina para poder ver la separata.


Handout "English for Presentations"

Links relacionados:

- English for meetings (como dirigir una reunión en ingles)

Read this doc on Scribd: English for Presentations

Tag questions - ESL English

What are tag questions and what do we use it for?

A question added to a declarative sentence, usually at the end, to engage the listener, verify that something has been understood, or confirm than an action is agreed. Common tags include won't you? wasn't it? don't you? haven't you? okay? and right? (www.about.com)

Example: You are American, aren't you?

Los "question tags" son preguntas que se añaden al final de una oración para verificar o confirmar algun dato o informacion. You smoke, don´t you ? Tú fumas, ¿verdad ? I can´t drink beer, can I ? No puedo beber cerveza, ¿cierto?

Rules of question tags

The English tag question is composed by an auxiliary verb (did, does, do, will, has, have etc) and a subjective pronoun. The auxiliary has to agree with the tense of the sentence. If the verb was in the present tense, for example, the tag question uses do or does; if the verb was in a present continuous form, the tag is formed with am, are, is; and if the sentence has a modal verb, then we use the same modal verb in the tag. If the declarative sentence is in positive then the tag question is in negative and vice versa.

Mr. Smith works hard, doesn't he?
(Declarative sentence POSITIVE)-(Question tag NEGATIVE)

Mr. Smith doesn't hard, does he?
(Declarative sentence NEGATIVE)-(Question tag POSITIVE)

El "Question tag" está formada por el auxiliar del verbo principal y el pronombre personal sujeto y si el. Esto va despues de la oracion del cual se va a verificar.

You have been to New York (informacion a verificar), haven't you? (tag question)

Recuerden que si la oración esta en forma positiva entonces el question tag estará en negativa y vice versa.

Ejercicios de Tag Questions:

Complete with the appropriate tag endings in the blanks. Remember that if the statement in a tag question is positive, the tag ending is negative: She’s gone, hasn’t she? and is the statement is negative, the tag ending is positive: She hasn’t gone, has she?

Example:


You’ll never be a millionaire, will you? (el never es negativo)
They’ve left for the beach, haven’t they?
She has to study hard, doesn’t she?
It’s not cold outside today, is it?




1.- You’ve never been in Hawaii, _______________________________?
2.- She’s not going to have to take another course, ___________________?
3.- She shouldn’t smoke, _______________________________?
4.- He’s had many different kinds of jobs, _______________________?
5.- He’s an engineer for a government agency, _____________________?
6.- Bob and Mary have to go home now, ___________________?
7.- Bill and Henry have gone, _________________?
8.- She’s recently been ill, __________________?
9.- There’s something cooking on the stove, _______________?
10.- You had a good time at the game, _________________?
11.- It’ll be cold tomorrow, ____________________?
12.- He’s always lived by himself, ____________________?
13.- He’s never on time to work, ____________________?
14.- There were a lot of people at the concert,_________________?
15.- I’m going to be with you tomorrow night, _______________?

Reminder: Am I not? is formal; Aren’t I? is informal.

16.- Mary had to cook dinner, ________________________?
17.- John has had several operations this year, ____________?
18.- We’ve studied a lot of things so far, ___________________?
19.- You weren’t at the last meeting, ___________________?
20.- They’ve never had a child, ____________________?
21.- I’ll be seeing you tomorrow, _______________________?
22.- You can type well, ____________________?
23.- I’m not pronouncing your name correctly, ___________________?
24.- She hasn’t been enjoying herself lately, __________________?
25.- I should do something about the problem at work, ____________?
26.- He hurt himself in the accident, _______________?
27.- You couldn’t be cruel to animals, _______________?

Thank you to scribd.com

Is you have questions about the answers please leave a comment.

Reported speech or Indirect Speech

What is Reported speech?

Reported speech is speech relayed by the narrator. That is, it is indirect speech, words attributed to but not actually (directly) spoken by a character. It is a grammatical construction in which reports are made of something that was said, written, or thought (eg, She said she was going home)

El estilo indirecto (REPORTED SPEECH) lo utilizamos para contar lo que una persona ha dicho pero sin citar exactamente sus palabras.

Why is Reported Speech important?

It is important because it is a great tool to transmit information from a third person or people. We use this all the time. Let us use an example:

Suppose Juan (your friend) says this to you : ' I am going to quit my job'

Now, you want to inform Alice (another friend) what Juan told you. What do we use? YES! We use reported speech. We would say: Juan told me he was going to quit his job.

Why don't we just use the same tense?

This is a great question. In our example used above, we could just say:
Juan is going to quit his job vs Juan told me he was going to quit his job.

The difference is that when you say: Juan is going to quit his job, you are responsible for that statement. In the reported speech we only say what others told us and we are not responsible for that statement. In our jobs and workplace this is very important to transmit information from the sender to the receiver the best way possible.

Is reported speech the same as indirect speech?

Yes, it is. To understand indirect speech we have to know what is direct speech.

Definition: Direct speech is quoted speech that is presented without modification, as it might have been uttered by the original speaker.

For example:
Carlos said,'I love you'. >>>> We say EXACTLY what Carlos said without changing the tenses of the verbs. We have to use quotes or quotation marks ("") in direct speech. This lesson we will focus on reported speech.

Reported Speech (RULES)

Statements:
To use correctly the reported speech we have to learn to change the tenses correctly.
You report what people said by using said (that) + clause (a sentence) or told (object pronoun)(that) + clause. You often change the of the verb in the direct statement "one tense back" in the reported statement. Time references also change.

Pondremos quien dijo la frase seguido de los verbos SAY o TELL en pasado. La diferencia entre ellos es que después de tell tenemos que decir la persona a quien se lo dijo. D.S.: Peter said, “Ann, I’m very ill.” R.S.: Peter told Ann that he was very ill.
The tense changes as follows:

Present simple >>>>>>>> Past Simple
Present continous >>>>>>>Past Contiuous
Present Perfect>>>>>>>Past Perfect (had + past participle)
Present Perfect>>>>>>Past Perfect Continous(had+been + past participle)
Past Simple >>>>>>>>>>>Past Perfect
Past Continuous>>>>>>>>>>>Past Perfect
Future "will" >>>>>>>> Modal Verb "would"
May >>>>>>>>>> Might
Can >>>>>>>>>> Could
Must>>>>>>>>> Had to

Some Remain the same
Should >>>>>>>>>Should
Might>>>>>>>>>Might

Cuando pasamos una oración de estilo directo a indirecto tenemos que tener en cuenta una serie de cambios que tendremos que realizar: 1. Tiempos verbales 2. Expresiones temporales y de lugar 3. Pronombres, (utilizando la lógica)

Examples

PRESENT
We eat healthy food ---------She said (that) they ate healthy food

PRESENT CONTINUOUS
We are eating healthy--------She told him (that) they were eating healthy food food

PRESENT PERFECT
We have eaten healthy -------She said that they had eaten healthy food

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
We have been eating --------She told me (that) they had been eating healthy food healthy food

PAST SIMPLE
We ate healthy food food-----She said (that) they had eaten healthy

PAST CONTINUOUS
We were eating healthy -----She told me (that) they had been eating healthy food

FUTURE SIMPLE
We will eat healthy food food-----She said that they would eat healthy

Reported Questions

You report questions by using asked + clause (sentence). You usually change the tense of the verb in the reported clause into the past (THE SAME RULES OF THE REPORTED STATEMENTS)

Seguimos manteniendo los cambios que mencionabamos al principio: Tiempo verbal Expresiones temporales y de lugar y Pronombres persosnles

Rules

• With questions words (who, what, how, why, etc) we do the following.

Example : Present Simple to Past Simple
"When do you play football?" Peter asked me when I played football.

Example Present Perfect to past

"How many countries have you visited?" He asked me how many countries I have visited

• Without question words (Yes/No questions)

We add "if" or "whether"

Example: Future "will" to Modal Verb "would"
"Will Maria get married?" She asked if Maria would get married.

Example Present Continuous to Past Continuous
"Are you watching TV?" He asked me if I was watching TV.

REMEMBER: The reported question is NOT a direct question. The auxiliaries do/did is not used.

"Where do you work?"
She asked me where did I work (INCORRECT)
She asked me where I worked (CORRECT)

English for meetings - Vocabulario de ingles para reuniones de trabajo

Excelente manual en linea para saber como dirigir, o participar en una reunión (a meeting) en ingles.

Entre los temas quiero resaltar los siguientes:

Participating in the meeting (Como participar en la reunión)
- Giving opinions (dar opiniones) - Asking for opinions (pedir opiniones) - Commenting (dar comentarios) - Agreeing Disagreeing - Advicing/Suggesting (como dar consejos y sugerencias)

Running the meeting (Como dirigir una reunión)
- Opening (como empezar una reunión) - Welcoming and Introducing (Bienvenida) - Stating the objectives - Closing the meeting

Y hay mucho mas, es decir; si buscabas un manual de como llevar una reunión y de como participar correctamente en el en ingles no busques mas.

Lectores por email: Visiten la pagina para poder ver el manual en linea. Hacer zoom para poder leer mejor.

English for meetings

Read this doc on Scribd: English for Meetings

Prepositions of place (Complete list)- Preposiciones de lugar

What are place prepositions?

Place prepositions , are prepositions that are used to describe the place or position of all types of nouns. It is common for the preposition to be placed before the noun.

The following is a great review of the most common prepositions of place with the translation in Spanish:
(si no vez la imagen por favor abrir con Internet Explorer y no con Firefox)

Read this doc on Scribd: PREPOSITIONS

Nota: Si no puedes ver la imagen por email visita la pagina http://estudiaingles.blogspot.com/

Si tienes aun dudas te dejo con un tema de Halloween para practicar the prepositions of place:

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The Passive Voice

THE PASSIVE VOICE

Use

We use the passive when we don’t know, or it isn’t important, who does the action. The passive is much more frequently used in English than in Spanish.

El passive voice se usa cuando quieras enfatizar que se ha hecho una acción en vez de quien realiza o hace una acción.

To understand the Passive Voice we need to fully understand the Active Voice

Active Voice:

In sentences written in active voice, the subject performs the action expressed in the verb; the subject acts. Most of our sentences are in active voice.

En el active voice el sujeto hace la acción

Active voice example:

Carlos writes a letter.

(We know who the subject is - the subject is: the noun, noun phrase, or pronoun in a sentence or clause that denotes the doer of the action or what is described by the predicate- it is WHO does the action in this case CARLOS)

In what tense is this sentence? Yes, it is present simple.
What are the to be forms of the present simple? Yes, am is and are

The passive voice
To form the passive we need to emphasize the object and NOT the subject. To do this we need the verb to be (of the correct tense) and the past participle.

form of "to be" + past participle = passive voice

Therefore; for the sentence "Carlos writes a letter" We want to focus on the letter and not Carlos

Passive voice:

The letter is written (by Carlos). Wh y is? Well, the letter is "it" and it goes with is. We use is because the sentence is in present tense so we need the correct form of the to be in the present tense.

More examples:

Present simple
She types the letters >>>>The letters are typed

Present continuous
She is typing the letters>>>>The letters are being typed

Present perfect simple
She has typed the letters>>>>The letters have been typed

Past simple
She typed the letters>>>>>The letters were typed

Past continuous
She was typing the letters >>>>>The letters were being typed

Past perfect simple
She had typed the letters>>>>>>>>The letters had been typed

Future simple
She will type the letters>>>>>>>>The letters will be typed

Future perfect simple
She will have typed the letters>>>>>>the letters will have been typed

Be going to
She is going to type the letters>>>>>The letters are going to be typed


The following tenses do not have a passive form: Present perfect continuous, Past perfect continuous, Future continuous and Future Perfect continuous, and, therefore, in the passive we will use their simple forms.

Remember: to form the passive voice we need to put the correct form of the verb to be + the past participle.

Recuerden que para estructurar correctamente el passive voice requerimos la forma del el verbo to be de acuerdo al tiempo y el past participle de un verbo

TO BE FORMATION IN THE TENSES:

Present tense : am / is/ are
Continuous : being
Past : was / were
Future (will) : will be
Present perfect: have/has been
Past perfect: had been
Future Perfect: will have been

Understanding the Passive Voice

So why do we use the passive voice is we can just use the active voice instead? Well, I have two main reasons:

1) To emphasize an object

2)If you don't need to know who's responsible for the action.

For example: Hiram Bingham discovered Machu Picchu on July 24, 1911

Maybe you do not have the full information. Maybe you just want to emphasize the date.

Machu Pichu was discovered on July 24, 1911. (You don't know who, or you don't want to emphasize who discovered the ruins.


Notas del Profesor:

En resumen se utiliza el passive voice cuando se quiera enfatizar a lo que fue hecho en vez de quien o que lo hizo. Esto se utiliza puesto que aveces no se sabe quien hizo una accion.

El anuncio fue sacado del Periódico >>> The ad was taken out of the newspaper. (No sabemos quien o no se quiere enfatizar quien)

Carla fue llevada al hospital ayer en la noche >>>> Carla was taken to the hospital last night. (No queremos priorizar quien la llevo sino que la persona fue llevada)

La revista Time esta escrita en Ingles >>>>> Times magazine is written in English (Se enfatiza la revista y no quienes la escriben)

Como vieron en las 2 primeras oraciones se utilizo "was" + el Past Participle (Past passive voice) y en el tercero fue con "is" + Past participle (Present passive voice)

Si tienen preguntas escribe un email o dejame un comentario.

REFUERZO:

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