Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year's

Well, I will be visiting one of the new wonders and am very exited. I will spend Christmas and New Year's day there in the magnificent Macchu Picchu located in Cuzco, Peru. I will not be posting and will resume the English classes the first week of January.

I want to share this opportunity to send my best wishes to all my readers and hope all your goals will come true in 2008.

Feliz Navidad y un prospero Año Nuevo 2008

Bueno como ven me voy de viaje para fiestas y las clases continuaran en el mes de enero. Quiero agradecer a todos los que han visitado esta pagina y en especial a los que se han subscrito. He disfrutado compartiendo mis conocimientos y continuare haciendo lo mismo en el 2008.

Quisiera también aprovechar para avisar a mis lectores que por motivos de expansión de la pagina el nombre de estudiaingles cambiara a uno nuevo. Esto sucederá en el mes de enero y escribiré un post para que los que se han subscrito a estudiaingles se subscriban a la nueva pagina

Gracias por su comprension y que tengan unas lindas fiestas.

How to offer something in English

I will give some advices on how to offer something in English. There may be other ways but these are the most common and handy that I could think of.

Would you like ....?

What would you like to drink?
Would you like to go dancing?
Would you like some coffee?

- Use would like + to and infinitive to offer something.
Remember you can use some in questions only when you offer.
Would like is considered a formal way of offering something.

Do you want ... ?"


What do you want to do?
Where do you want to go?
Do you want some milk?

- Use want to to offer. It is considered informal and you can use it in any situation.


How about ...?

How about some cookies?
How about going to dance?
How about buying some chicken?

- Use how about to offer as well. It is used more for giving an additional offer.

Example:

Would you like some beer?
- No thanks.

How about some water?
- Sure

The person did not want beer and we gave an additional offer with how about.
If we use a "verb" after how about please use the (-ing) form (called the gerund)

ERROR >>> How about dance?

Correct >>> How about dancing?

Present Perfect ( Past affecting the present)

This is the third topic on present perfect. The other two topics are:

- Present Perfect (1) (Used to express experiences)
- Present perfect (2) (yet, already, just)

USE (3): We can use present perfect to describe actions that started in the past, affect the present, and may continue into the future.

To emphasize this use we can use for and since:

For: for a period of time (a year, three months, for hours etc)
Since: from an espcific moment in the past (since last year, since I was young, since February etc)


Remember the Syntax:

S + have / has + past participle + C

I have studied English for 2 years >>> I started studying two years ago, continue studying at the present time, and may continue in the future.

Maria has lived in Paris since 2002 >>. She moved to Paris in 2002, continues living there at the moment and may continue in the future.

More Examples:
I have worked for ABC company for five months.
My parents have lived in Japan since I was a child.
Maria has taught Spanish for nearly ten years.
John has been in Peru since April
I have worked on this page (estudiaingles.blogspot.com) for 4 months.

Typical mistakes and errors.

DO NOT use present tense to express a past affecting the present,

ERROR : I live in Miami for 5 years ( REMEMBER: Present simple is used to express routines, habits and facts)

Nota: Favor de no traducir palabra por palabra ya que le traera problemas. Recuerden las reglas en ingles y de alli pueden entenderlo en Castellano.

ERROR : I am working for IBM since 2000. (REMEMBER: Present continuous is used for actions happening at the moment or an arranged future)

Nota:

Entonces, usamos el presente perfecto para expresar situaciones y acciones que empezaron en el pasado, que afectan el presente y que pueda continuar en el futuro. Recuerden que en español esto no es así. Tengan cuidado pues ya están entrando a un terreno de ingles intermedio en donde tienen que acordarse y poner en uso las reglas de la gramática y no traducir palabra por palabra ya que esto le traerá problemas.

Future with will - Futuro con "will"

Syntax:

Positive sentences
S + [will + verb (infinitive)] + C

Negative
- Just add "not" => will not - won't

Questions
QW + [will + S + verb ]+ C

I will love you for always.
Maria won't go to the party.
France will be the next World Champion.
Will Fujimori go to jail?
When will the next earthquake be?
Tomorrow there is a party, I will get the beers.

Contractions:

I'll , he'll, she'll, it'll, we'll, you'll, they'll

USE:

We use will to express and talk about PROMISES, DECISIONS, PREDICTIONS andto OFFER help.

Promise = I'll never leave you darling!
Prediction= It'll rain later.
Offer= I'll carry the books for you.
Decisions = I will stop smoking.

Notas del "profe" :
El futuro con will es bastante sencillo pues todas las "personas" (yo, tu, ella... etc) van con la misma conjugacion.
Lo mas importante de esta lección es que sepan en que situaciones usar el "WILL"
Se usa el "will" cuando expresen una promesa, decisiones, predicciones y ofrecimientos

Promesa: I will always love you
Decisiones: Tomorrow, I will go to the mall and buy a TV.
Ofrecimientos: I will help you with that table.
Prediccion: Maria won't get married.

RECUERDEN que tengan cuidado al traducir. Siempre haganlo entendiendo el fundamento e uso en el ingles.
Hay veces que las traducciones pueden variar pero lo importante es que el uso de una oración se traduzca en el uso de esa oración en una situación similar de otra lengua.

Present Perfect (just , yet, already)

• JUST - Using just with present perfect:

Use: Use just to express actions that have happened RECENTLY. Just goes after the auxiliary have/has and before the past participle

- Maria has just finished her homework. (not so long ago)
- They have just come from the supermarket.
- It has just started raining.

Para una clase con AUDIO y con explicaciones en español de cuando usar Present Perfect y JUST, vaya a la lección en línea a continuación:

http://www.inglestotal.com/present-perfect-en-ingles-con-just-acciones-que-acaban-de-pasar/

• Already

Use: We use "already" to express actions that have finished before the actions was expected to finish ( una accion que acaba anticipadamente)

- I have already done my homework.
- Jorge has already watched "Transformers" the movie.
- They've already read that book

• Yet

Use: We use yet for negative sentences and questions. It is used for actions that you think has happened. It is used to express expectations. (es traducido como ya o aun)

- Have you eaten at "Friday's" yet? (you expect that the other person has already been to "Friday's")
- I haven't been to Europe yet. (But I expect to go there)
- Has Matilda been to New York yet?
- Have you studied for the test yet?
- Juan hasn't proposed to Jenny yet.